Performance improves when the diet is rich in metabolizable protein and balanced in terms of amino acids After calving, cows must rapidly increase dry matter intake to meet nutrient requirements and support the rise in milk production. During the fir
Physiological if mild and transient At calving, the large and sudden demand for calcium associated with the expulsive phase, together with the marked calcium outflow due to colostrum production, leads—even under optimal conditions—to a normal red
An important contribution from nature Probiotics, understood as microorganisms or their derivatives, have shown an interesting role in stimulating rumen development. Yeast cells, for example, contain RNA and free nucleotides, amino acids, B-group vit
From monogastric to polygastric Development of the digestive tract in calves follows a uniquely organized system. In particular, thanks to the rumen and its colonization by microorganisms, the calf physiologically transitions from a pseudo-monogastri
Climate variations in recent years, combined with current cultivation, harvesting, storage, and feed delivery techniques, have led to an increasing frequency of contamination of silages, cereals, and their by-products by fungi—particularly of the g